Until Now
EducationReligion

Al-Azhar

A Cairo mosque becomes a teaching institution still running after a thousand years.

When
Known to
± 5 years
Era
Post-Classical, Holocene

Founded by the Fatimids in 970 CE, Al-Azhar develops into a centre of religious and legal instruction and is among the oldest continuously operating institutions of higher learning anywhere. It teaches by ijaza — a licence granted personally by a scholar certifying that a student may transmit a text — a model of certification quite different from the corporate degree that European universities would develop a century later.

Just before

Just after