Until Now
GeologyEnvironment

The oldest record of tides

Sandstone in South Africa preserves the rhythm of daily, fortnightly and monthly tides 3.22 billion years ago.

When
Known to
± 10 million years
Era
Paleoarchean, Archean

The Moodies Group holds Earth's oldest well-preserved tidal deposits: sand waves with mud drapes stacked in bundles that record individual tidal cycles. Counting them recovers the length of the Archean day and month, and confirms the Moon was closer and Earth spinning faster. It is a working clock preserved in rock.

Just before

Just after