Until Now
GeologyCosmology

The Moon's crust hardens

The Moon's own ocean of magma freezes over, floating a crust of pale rock that still forms its highlands.

When
Known to
± 30 million years
Era
Hadean

Low-density plagioclase crystallises and floats to the top of the lunar magma ocean, producing the anorthosite highlands that make up the Moon's bright regions. Samarium-neodymium and lead-lead dating place completion at roughly 4.43 billion years. The dark maria are far younger lava flows that filled impact basins long afterwards.

Just before

Just after