Until Now
Science

Aryabhata

A 23-year-old computes pi to four places and says the Earth rotates.

When
Known to
± 2 years
Era
Classical, Holocene

Aryabhata completes the Aryabhatiya in 499 CE, giving pi as 3.1416 and describing it as approximate — an unusual acknowledgement — providing a sine table, solving quadratic and indeterminate equations, and stating that the apparent motion of the stars is caused by the Earth's rotation on its axis. He also explains eclipses correctly as shadows rather than demons, against the prevailing view.

Just before

Just after