Until Now
MigrationTechnology

Crossing Wallacea

A chain of islands separated by deep water is traversed by people with boats we have never found.

When
Duration
20 thousand years
Known to
± 6 thousand years
Era
Late Pleistocene, Quaternary

Between Sundaland and Sahul lies Wallacea, a set of islands that no sea-level fall ever connected to either. Crossing it required repeated open-water voyages, and it was done by 65,000 years ago. No vessel survives — bamboo rafts leave nothing — so the entire maritime technology of the first Australians is invisible archaeologically and known only from the fact that they arrived. Deep-sea fish bones at Jerimalai in Timor show they were also fishing offshore by 42,000 years ago.

Just before

Just after