Until Now
Technology

The eye of the needle

A needle with an eye lets skins be sewn into fitted clothing, and the Arctic becomes survivable.

When
Duration
5 thousand years
Known to
± 3 thousand years
Era
Late Pleistocene, Quaternary

Eyed needles of bone and ivory appear in Siberia — including at Denisova Cave — from around 45,000 years ago. An awl can pierce hide, but only a needle with an eye can pull thread through and produce close-fitted, layered, wind-proof garments. The distribution of needles tracks the occupation of the coldest environments closely. Tailored clothing is arguably the technology that made the high latitudes, and therefore Beringia and the Americas, reachable at all.

Just before

Just after