Until Now
EconomicsTechnology

Salt

Boiling brine at Solnitsata in Bulgaria produces the first industrial commodity.

When
Duration
2.2 thousand years
Known to
± 300 years
Era
Neolithic, Holocene

From around 5500 BCE the settlement at Provadia-Solnitsata evaporates brine from a salt spring in ceramic vessels, producing salt on a scale far beyond local need. Salt preserves meat and fish, which decouples eating from the season of slaughter, and it is scarce inland. The wealth it generated is a plausible explanation for the gold at nearby Varna. Fortification walls appear at Solnitsata early, which is what a valuable commodity tends to attract.

Just before

Just after