Until Now
GeologyDisasterEnvironment

The Karoo-Ferrar eruptions

Flood basalts split southern Pangaea and pump carbon into the atmosphere.

When
Known to
± 1 million years
Era
Jurassic, Mesozoic

Around 183 million years ago enormous volumes of basalt erupt across what is now southern Africa and Antarctica, as Gondwana begins to break apart. Mercury and carbon isotope records tie the magmatism to a rapid release of isotopically light carbon and to increased aridity on land. It is the trigger for the ocean anoxic event that follows within thousands of years.

Just before

Just after