Until Now
GeologyDisasterEnvironment

The Kalkarindji eruptions

One of the oldest large igneous provinces floods Australia with lava and poisons the oceans.

When
Known to
± 2 million years
Era
Cambrian, Paleozoic

Between about 514 and 513 million years ago, enormous volumes of basalt erupt across northern and central Australia. The carbon dioxide and sulfur released appear to have driven rapid global warming and spread anoxia through the shallow seas — the mechanism behind the Sinsk extinction that follows immediately. It is the earliest clear case of the pattern that recurs through the rest of Earth's history: a flood basalt province, then a mass extinction.

Just before

Just after