Until Now
Biology

Proconsul, an ape without a tail

An East African forest primate has lost its tail but still walks along branches like a monkey.

When
Duration
6 million years
Known to
± 1 million years
Era
Miocene, Cenozoic

Proconsul is known from good material in Kenya and Uganda and is the best-understood early ape. It has no tail, which is the defining hominoid trait, but its backbone, pelvis and limbs are still built for walking along the tops of branches rather than hanging beneath them. Its brain is larger relative to body size than a monkey's. It shows that the ape body plan was assembled in stages, with taillessness arriving well before the suspensory shoulder that later apes are defined by.

Just before

Just after