Until Now
Geology

India sets off north

A continent detaches from Madagascar and begins the fastest long journey any plate has made.

When
Known to
± 3 million years
Era
Cretaceous, Mesozoic

India separates from Madagascar around 88 million years ago and starts moving north across the Tethys at rates reaching some twenty centimetres a year, extraordinarily fast for a continent. The isolation makes it an island subcontinent for tens of millions of years, and its passage over the Reunion hotspot produces the Deccan eruptions at the very end of the period. Its eventual collision with Asia raises the Himalaya, but that lies far ahead; for now it is simply in transit.

Just before

Just after