Until Now
PhilosophyPoliticsEducation

The Hundred Schools of Thought

Warring states compete for advantage, and philosophers compete to supply it.

When
Duration
254 years
Known to
± 20 years
Era
Classical, Holocene

The insecurity of the Warring States period produces an extraordinary intellectual flowering: Mencius arguing human nature is good, Xunzi that it is bad and must be shaped, Mozi preaching impartial care and opposing offensive war, Zhuangzi undermining all fixed positions with paradox and humour, and the Legalists arguing that only clear law and strict punishment can hold a state together. Rulers hired them as advisers, which is why so much survives.

Just before

Just after