Until Now
GeologyBiology

The Green River lakes

Vast lakes in Wyoming and Utah lay down finely banded shale holding millions of fish, insects, birds and bats.

When
Duration
5 million years
Known to
± 500 thousand years
Era
Eocene, Cenozoic

Three large intermontane lakes fill basins between the rising Rocky Mountain ranges and persist for several million years. Their bottom waters are still and oxygen-poor, so anything sinking is buried undisturbed in paper-thin annual laminations. The result is one of the richest fossil deposits on Earth: complete fish by the million, insects with wing venation intact, birds with feathers, early bats, horses and a crocodile fauna. The same shales hold an enormous — and commercially unrealised — reserve of kerogen oil shale.

Just before

Just after