Until Now
BiologyEnvironment

Animals venture onto land

Trackways in Ordovician sediment suggest arthropods were already crawling out of the water.

When
Known to
± 10 million years
Era
Ordovician, Paleozoic

Trace fossils interpreted as arthropod trackways on damp sediment appear in the Late Ordovician, hinting that millipede-like animals made brief excursions onto land alongside the earliest plants. Body fossils are absent, so the evidence rests on the traces alone. Permanent terrestrial animal life is not established for another fifty million years, but the first attempts appear to belong here.

Just before

Just after