Until Now
EnvironmentGeology

Carbon dioxide settles into the icehouse range

Atmospheric CO2 drops from Eocene greenhouse values toward levels the modern world would recognise.

When
Duration
11 million years
Known to
± 2 million years
Era
Oligocene, Cenozoic

Proxy reconstructions put Oligocene atmospheric carbon dioxide in the range of roughly 400 to 700 parts per million, well below the 1,000-plus of the early Eocene. The drawdown is attributed to some combination of Himalayan uplift accelerating silicate weathering, organic burial, and reduced volcanic outgassing. This is the level at which a permanent Antarctic ice sheet becomes possible but a northern one does not — which is why the Oligocene has ice at one pole only, and why the threshold matters so much to projections of the present.

Just before

Just after