Until Now
EnvironmentBiology

Oxygen pulses through the Cambrian ocean

Surges of oxygen coincide, again and again, with surges of animal diversity.

When
Known to
± 3 million years
Era
Cambrian, Paleozoic

Geochemical records show repeated oxygenation episodes through the early Cambrian, notably between 521 and 519 million years ago. Each coincides with expansions in reef size, body size and ecological complexity. Larger, more active animals — especially predators — need far more oxygen than microbial life, so the correlation is probably causal, though whether oxygen enabled the animals or the animals altered the oxygen remains argued.

Just before

Just after