The revolutions of 1848
Uprisings sweep Europe in months and are almost all defeated within a year.
- When
- —
- Duration
- 1 years
- Known to
- ± 1 year
- Era
- Industrial, Holocene
Beginning in Palermo and Paris, revolts spread to over fifty countries demanding constitutions, national self-determination and an end to feudal survivals. Almost all are suppressed by 1849. But serfdom ends in the Habsburg lands, the French Second Republic introduces universal male suffrage, and the national questions raised are not settled — they produce Italian and German unification within a generation. Marx and Engels publish the Communist Manifesto in February.